(英语)初中英语短语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

一、短语动词

1．We believe we can ________ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.

A. catch up with B. come up with C. put off D. set off 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：我们相信我们将来能想出办法解决污染问题。catch up with赶上；come up with想出；提出；put off推迟；延期；set off出发；引爆。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

2．I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.

A. fell over B. fell off C. fell away 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一块石头……，弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒； B.从……落下； C.离开，消瘦。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

3．Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety.

A. pay attention to B. look after C. take it easy D. look out 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

4． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming.

A. to go , to go B. going, going C. go ,go D. go, going 【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做……也不愿做……，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。 【点评】考查动词。

5．— What bad weather! The ground is covered with much snow.

—And it may result in traffic jams.

A. take in B. lead to C. pour out 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——天气真糟糕！地面被很多雪覆盖。——这可能会导致交通拥挤。 result in=lead to意为“导致”，take in意为“吸收”，pour out意为“倒出来”，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语词义。

6．If he keeps on working so hard, he'll under the pressure of work.

A. break down B. break away C. break out D. break into 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：如果他继续这么努力工作，他会在工作的压力下垮掉的。break down出故障，抛锚；（健康）垮掉。break away脱离；break out爆发；break into闯入。根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句子，根据句意判断。

7． --- Kangkang, could you tell me how to cook noodles?

--- OK. First, you should_______ham, cabbage and onions finely. A. cut up B. cut down C. cut off 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意为:一康康，你能告诉我怎样煮面条吗?一好啊，首先，你得把火腿、洋白菜和洋葱切成碎末。A.切碎;B.砍伐;C.切断、停止。根据语境可知，这里指的是切成碎末，故应选A。

8．一 Can you guess when the story took place?

一 In 1990, right?

A. was written B. happened C. ended 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——你能猜猜这个故事发生在什么时候吗？——在1990年，对吗？take place发生；was written被写；happen发生；end结束。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

9．一 Bob isn't at home. Then where is he?

一 Sorry I have no idea where he's gone.

A. don't know B. remember C. don't care 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——Bob不在家，那么他在哪儿呢？——对不起，我不知道他去哪儿了。have no idea不知道。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

10．The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place. A. give up B. clear up C. end up D. make up 【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线，但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。give up放弃；clear up清理干净；end up结束；make up 编造，弥补。根据句意可知，船走的路线不同，但是都在同一个地方结束，即都去同一个地方。故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语。

11．Students today have to study hard to _______ the quick development of the modern society.

A. keep in touch with B. begin with C. make peace with D. keep up with 【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：今天的学生必须努力学习才能跟上现代社会的快速发展。keep in touch with与……保持联系；begin with以……开始；make peace with与……讲和；keep up with跟上。根据句意，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断答案。

12．﹣______! Something is falling down from the tall building.

﹣ Dear me! It's dangerous.

A. Look out B. Help yourself C. What a pity D. Shut up. 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：﹣﹣留神!有东西从高楼上掉下来了. ﹣﹣哦，亲爱的！这是危险的. look out当心，留神，向外看，help yourself自取……，what a pity真可惜，shut up安静，闭嘴，根据后面一句话\"有东西从高楼上掉下来了. \"可知这里应该提醒对方注意，故选：A.

【点评】考查动词短语，理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思，结合语境选择合适的答案.

13．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．

A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

14．I stood on the top of Mount Tai and ________ to the small village below me.

A. looked down B. looked after C. looked up D. looked through 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我站在泰山顶上，俯视我脚下的小村庄。look down，俯视，look after，照顾，look up，向上看，look through，看穿，根据 stood on the top of Mount Tai，可知village在脚下，因此是俯视 ， 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据题干判断语境。

15．He never ____learning English .That was why he was successful at last.

A. gave in B. gave out C. gave up D. gave away 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：他从不放弃学英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。give in 屈服，让步；give out发出（光，热等）；分发；give up放弃；give away泄露（秘密等），故选C。

【点评】考查短语辨析。

16．It's not a good habit to _______what you can do today till tomorrow. A. take off B. put off C. get off 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做不是一个好习惯。A脱掉，B推迟，C下车，根据 what you can do today till tomorrow ， 可知是推迟，故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据what you can do today till tomorrow的语境选择合适的用法。

17．There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _______ the old bridge over the small river. A. washed away B. went away C. kept away D. ran away 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：昨天有一场暴风雨。洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。wash away冲走；go away离开；keep away使远离；run away逃跑。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记与away构成的动词短语，在理解句意的基础上判断答案。

18．Tim won the first prize in the piano competition. His parents ________him. A. take care B. look up C. take pride in D. wait for 【答案】C

【解析】试题分析：句意：提姆在钢琴比赛中获得一等奖。他的父母为他骄傲。take care当心，小心; 坚持到底;

look up向上看;查找; take pride in v.以…为骄傲; wait for等待。所以选C。

19．—Why did you come late again?

—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.

A. go off B. go out C. go away D. go over 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。

20．The 2022 Winter Olympics will __________ in Beijing, setting up the Chinese capital to become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.

A. take up B. take place C. take part D. take on 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：2022年的冬季奥林匹克运动会将会在北京举行，设立中国的首都变成第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。A. take up占据；从事；B. take place举行；C. take part参加；D. take on承担。结合语境，故选B。

21．—How was your May Day holiday?

—Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all ______. A. looked up B. taken up C. put up D. turned up 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：—你的五一假期过得怎么样？—一般般，我努力地在花园附近找地方停车，但是他们都被占了。looked up查找；taken up占据；put up张贴；turned up出现，把声音开大。根据句意可知，这里说的停车位都被占了，故答案为B。

【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法，平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。

22．My daughter will call _______ as soon as she _______ Shanghai.

A. me up, will arrive in B. up me, arrives at C. up me , arrives at D. me up, arrives in 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up是固定短语，给某人打电话，跟代词时，代词要放在中间；arrive in到达大地方；arrive at到达小地方。上海是一个大城市，应该用in。根据句意可知选D。

【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up表示给某人打电话，但是当sb是代词形式时，要把代词放中间；arrive in到达城市或者国家，arrive at到达小的地方。

23．—Which one do you like best at the fair? — The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.

A. made…by hand B. made…for the first time C. made…for me 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个？——被一个青少年发明的健康设备。invent：发明，也就是第一次被制作，make ··· for the first time，故选B。 【点评】考查近义词。根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项，选出正确答案。

24．—Mum, I think I need a bigger room.

—You should throw away your old toys. They have _______ too much space. A. taken up B. taken place C. taken off 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我认为我需要一个更大的房间。——你应该扔掉你的旧玩具。它们已经占据了太多的空间。A. 占据，B. 发生，C. 脱掉，起飞，根据 throw away your old toys可知要扔掉旧玩具，是因为旧玩具占了太多空间，故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，熟记短语，并能熟练运用。

25．I'm afraid I can't go swimming with you, because I have to _______ my little brother at home A. look for B. make fun of C. care for 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳，因为我不得不在家照顾我的小弟弟。A. 寻找，B. 嘲笑，C. 照顾，根据语境，不能一起去游泳，应是为了照顾弟弟，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。首先读懂句意，然后选出合适的短语，确保句子通顺。

26．— There is an exam next week. What should I do?

— I think that if you ________ your study schedule for a week, you will pass it．

A. agree with B. stick with C. give up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——下周有考试，我该怎么办？——我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程表一周，你就能通过考试。A、agree with同意，B、stick with坚持，C、give up放弃，根据题意可知，学生比较害怕考试，因此需要有一个好的学习规划，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选，填入符合语境的单词。

27．—Have you ever read the book The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare？

—Yes, I don't like Sherlock. He is selfish. He usually only thinks of himself and doesn't other people.

A. care about B. hear about C. worry about D. know about 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：---你看过莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》吗？---是的，我不喜欢夏洛克。他自私。他通常只想到自己，不关心别人。care about关心；hear about听说；worry about担心；know about了解。根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。

28．To make the story shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to ________ the parts that are not interesting.

A. find out B. try out C. cut out D. give out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：为了使得这个故事更短，Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。A.find out找出；B.try out尝试；C.cut out剪掉；D.give out捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting，可知空缺处应该是删掉，cut out，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语辨析，注意cut out，剪掉。

29．Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.

A. look after B. think about C. take after D. worry about 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。

30．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set

off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞