Spring Boot整合Spring Security简记-高

上章硬编码了一个user用户。记录一点基础的配置，这次结合高级认证灵活使用Spring Security的用户认证。

• AuthenticationManager: 身份验证的主要策略设置接口
• ProviderManager: AuthenticationManager最常用的接口实现
• AuthenticationProvider: ProviderManager的工作被委托者
• Authentication: 认证用户信息主体
• GrantedAuthority: 用户主体的权限
• UserDetails: 用户的基本必要信息
• UserDetailsService: 通过String username返回一个UserDetails

• SecurityContextHolder: 提供访问 SecurityContext。
• SecurityContext: 保存Authentication，和一些其它的信息

1. AuthenticationProvider

ProviderManager把工作委托给AuthenticationProvider集合。ProviderManager将所有AuthenticationProvider进行循环，直到运行返回一个完整的Authentication，不符合条件或者不能认证当前Authentication，返回AuthenticationException异常或者null。

@Component
public class SpringAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {
    @Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
        Assert.isInstanceOf(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class, authentication, "非验证类型");
        //账号
        String username = authentication.getName();
        //密码
        String password = authentication.getCredentials().toString();
        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> roles = new ArrayList<>();
        if("testuser1".equalsIgnoreCase(username)){
            roles.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
        }else if("testuser2".equalsIgnoreCase(username)){
            roles.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
            roles.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_DBA"));
        }else{
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名/密码无效");
        }
        return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password, roles);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
        return (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class
                .isAssignableFrom(authentication));
    }
}

2. UserDetailsService

实现UserDetailsService方法，提供UserDetails。
我们把上面的用户登录的查询功能挪动到UserDetailsSerivce接口实现中。

@Service
public class SpringUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        UserDetails userDetails = null;
        List<GrantedAuthority> roles = new ArrayList<>();
        if ("testuser1".equalsIgnoreCase(username)) {
            roles.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
        } else if ("testuser2".equalsIgnoreCase(username)) {
            roles.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
            roles.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_DBA"));
        } else {
            return null;
        }
        userDetails = new User(username, "password", roles);
        return userDetails;
    }
}

之后再对认证代码进行改动。

@Component
public class SpringAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
        Assert.isInstanceOf(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class, authentication, "非验证类型");
        //账号
        String username = authentication.getName();
        //密码
        String password = authentication.getCredentials().toString();
        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> roles = new ArrayList<>();
        UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
        if (userDetails == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名/密码无效");
        }
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password, roles);
        token.setDetails(userDetails);
        return token;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
        return (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class
                .isAssignableFrom(authentication));
    }
}

3. PasswordEncoder

Spring Security提供了很多加密方式，MD5、SHA、BCrypt等，官方推荐使用BCrypt，好处就不在这说了。自己百度下吧。提供的支持类就是BCryptPasswordEncoder。使用方式简单，直接初始化。注入就可以用了。两个方法加密、解密。
PasswordEncoder

/**
     * Encode the raw password. Generally, a good encoding algorithm applies a SHA-1 or
     * greater hash combined with an 8-byte or greater randomly generated salt.
     */
    String encode(CharSequence rawPassword);

    /**
     * Verify the encoded password obtained from storage matches the submitted raw
     * password after it too is encoded. Returns true if the passwords match, false if
     * they do not. The stored password itself is never decoded.
     *
     * @param rawPassword the raw password to encode and match
     * @param encodedPassword the encoded password from storage to compare with
     * @return true if the raw password, after encoding, matches the encoded password from
     * storage
     */
    boolean matches(CharSequence rawPassword, String encodedPassword);